How To Use Commas After Introductory Phrases

Some introductory elements dont require a comma and sometimes the subject of a sentence. In grammar a clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb.

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After introductory verbal phrases some appositive phrases or absolute phrases.

How to use commas after introductory phrases. If there is a distinct pause. Learn about five common types of introductory phrases and how to use them properly. In this usage the comma separates a series of words phrases or independent clauses.

Another time youll use commas is when introducing any word or phrase that comes before the main clause in the sentence thats the part of. When not to use a comma. Use commas to separate items in a series.

Determining whether or not the words phrases or clauses should be separated is what often proves to be difficult. Use a comma to separate each element in an address. Do not use a comma for an essential phrase a word or a group of words critical to the readers understanding of what the author had in mind AP 87-88 When linking two independent clauses with for example namely that is use a semicolon before and a comma after.

If there is ever any doubt use the comma as it is always correct. Words like however indeed therefore phrases like on the one hand in particular for example and in the meantime are examples of introductory language that ought to be concluded with a comma when they begin a sentence. All sentences are clauses but not all clauses are sentences.

Consider the below examples of sentences containing properly placed and omitted commas. Using commas with compound sentences or to separate clauses with other commas can cause confusion. Optionally use a period in place of the semicolon and begin a new sentence.

After a long introductory prepositional phrase or more than one introductory prepositional phrase. Use introductory phrases to add context to the main clause of a sentence. Learn about Purdue Universitys College of Liberal Arts a college focused on strengthening the Undergraduate Experience enhancing Graduate Education and promoting Faculty Excellence.

Use a comma to set off introductory elements as in Running toward third base he suddenly realized how stupid he looked It is permissible to omit the comma after a brief introductory element if the omission does not result in confusion or hesitancy in reading. If you need to list complex items for example particularly long phrases or phrases that include commas already you can use semicolons to punctuate your. After an Introduction.

This is because some clauses are independent which means they can stand alone as a complete thought. Use a comma after introductory adverbs. In many cases most people have no difficulty following grammar rules for commas such as.

Do not place a comma after the last item in the list see fourth example below unless the structure of the sentence otherwise requires it see third example below in which the comma after audience is required to separate an introductory dependent clause. When an introductory prepositional phrase is very short less than four words the comma is usually optional. We use commas while combining multiple phrases in one sentence or writing about different items in a list.

Some useful subjects are English which is an international language math which is used in all domains of sciences and social sciences and philosophy which underpins many other areas of study. When to Use Commas After Introductory Prepositional Phrases. Phrases are commonly used as introductions to a sentence.

But if the phrase is longer than four words use a comma.

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